Map (higher-order function, aka apply-to-all)

map is the name of a higher-order function that applies a given function to each element of a collection, e.g. a list or set, returning the results in a ==collection== of the same type. It is often called apply-to-all when considered in functional form.

The concept of a map is not limited to lists: it works for sequential containers, tree-like containers, or even abstract containers such as futures and promises.
— Wikipedia

Python example map len function to list of words

words = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']
lengths = map(len, words)
for length in lengths:  # map is iterable, we can also just output list
    print(length)
lengths = map(lambda n: len(n) * 2, words)  # lambda function
for length in lengths:  # map is iterable, we can also just output list
    print(length)

Visual example

Below, you can see a view of each step of the mapping process for a list of integers X = [0, 5, 8, 3, 2, 1] that we want to map into a new list X' according to the function $f(x)=x+1$