Language family

Group of languages which related to some parental language, called the protolanguage of that family. Actual language, is end node of the language tree.

A language family is a group of languages related through descent from a common ancestral language or parental language, called the proto-language of that family. The term “family” reflects the tree model of language origination in historical linguistics, which makes use of a metaphor comparing languages to people in a biological family tree, or in a subsequent modification, to species in a phylogenetic tree of evolutionary taxonomy.
— Wikipedia

Language tree, Stand Still. Stay Silent - webcomic, page 196