Data exchange

Data exchange is the process of taking data structured under a source schema and transforming it into a target schema, so that the target data is an accurate representation of the source data. Data exchange allows data to be shared between different computer programs.

It is similar to the related concept of data integration except that data is actually restructured (with possible loss of content) in data exchange. There may be no way to transform an instance given all of the constraints. Conversely, there may be numerous ways to transform the instance (possibly infinitely many), in which case a “best” choice of solutions has to be identified and justified.
— Wikipedia

Popular languages used for data exchange

Name/Abbreviation	Schemas	Flexible	Semantic verification	Dictionary	Information Model	Synonyms and homonyms	Dialecting	Web standard	Transformations	Lightweight	Human readable	Compatibility
RDF	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Partial	Subset of Semantic web
XML	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	subset of SGML, HTML
Atom	Yes	Un­known	Un­known	Un­known	No	Un­known	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	XML dialect
JSON	No	Un­known	Un­known	Un­known	No	Un­known	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	subset of YAML
YAML	No	Un­known	Un­known	Un­known	No	Un­known	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	superset of JSON
REBOL	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
Gellish	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	ISO	No	Yes	Partial	SQL, RDF/XML, OWL

References

• OpenDDL