Unix commands

List of Unix commands as specified by IEEE Std 1003.1-2008, which is part of the Single UNIX Specification (SUS). These commands can be found on Unix operating systems and most Unix-like operating systems.
— Wikipedia

Name

Text processing

• asa::Interpret carriage-control characters
• awk::Pattern scanning and processing language
• comm::Select or reject lines common to two files
• csplit::Split files based on context
• cut::Cut out selected fields of each line of a file
• diff::Compare two files; see also cmp
• ed::The standard text editor
• ex::Text editor
• expand::Convert tabs to spaces
• fold::Filter for folding lines
• head::Copy the first part of files
• iconv::Codeset conversion
• join::Merges two sorted text files based on the presence of a common field
• lp::Send files to a printer
• more::Display files on a page-by-page basis
• nl::Line numbering filter
• paste::Merge corresponding or subsequent lines of files
• patch::Apply changes to files
• pr::Print files
• sed::Stream editor
• sort::Sort, merge, or sequence check text files
• tail::Copy the last part of a file
• tr::Translate characters
• tsort::Topological sort
• unexpand::Convert spaces to tabs
• uniq::Report or filter out repeated lines in a file
• vi::Screen-oriented (visual) display editor
• wc::Line, word and byte or character count
• zcat::Expand and concatenate data

System administration

• who::Display who is on the system

Shell programming

• command::Execute a simple command
• echo::Write arguments to standard output
• expr::Evaluate arguments as an expression
• false::Return false value
• getopts::Parse utility options
• logger::Log messages
• printf::Write formatted output
• read::Read a line from standard input
• sh::Shell, the standard command language interpreter AT&T UNIX (in earlier versions, sh was either the Thompson shell or the PWB shell)
• sleep::Suspend execution for an interval
• tee::Duplicate the standard output
• test::Evaluate expression
• true::Return true value
• xargs::Construct argument lists and invoke utility

SCCS (Source Code Control System)

• admin::Create and administer SCCS files
• delta::Make a delta (change) to an SCCS file
• get::Get a version of an SCCS file
• prs::Print an SCCS file
• rmdel::Remove a delta from an SCCS file
• sact::Print current SCCS file-editing activity
• sccs::Front end for the SCCS subsystem
• unget::Undo a previous get of an SCCS file
• val::Validate SCCS files
• what::Identify SCCS files

Programming

• make
• fort77
• cc/c99::Compile standard C programs
• cflow::Generate a C-language call graph
• ctags::Create a tags file
• cxref::Generate a C-language program cross-reference table
• lex::Generate programs for lexical tasks
• nm::Optional (SD, XSI)
• strings::Find printable strings in files
• strip::Remove unnecessary information from executable files
• yacc::Yet another compiler compiler

Process management

• at::Execute commands at a later time
• batch::Schedule commands to be executed in a batch queue
• bg::Run jobs in the background
• fg::Run jobs in the foreground
• fuser::List process IDs of all processes that have one or more files open
• jobs::Display status of jobs in the current session
• kill::Terminate or signal processes
• nice::Invoke a utility with an altered nice value
• nohup::Invoke a utility immune to hangups
• ps::Report process status
• renice::Set nice values of running processes
• time::Time a simple command
• uux::Remote command execution
• wait::Await process completion

Network

• uucp::System-to-system copy
• uudecode::Decode a binary file
• uuencode::Encode a binary file
• uustat::uucp status inquiry and job control

Misc

• alias::Define or display aliases
• ar::Create and maintain library archives
• bc::Arbitrary-precision arithmetic language
• cal::Print a calendar
• crontab::Schedule periodic background work
• date::Display the date and time
• env::Set the environment for command invocation
• fc::Process the command history list
• gencat::Generate a formatted message catalog
• getconf::Get configuration values
• grep::Search text for a pattern
• hash::Hash database access method
• id::Return user identity
• ipcrm::Remove a message queue, semaphore set, or shared memory segment identifier
• ipcs::Report interprocess communication facilities status
• locale::Get locale-specific information
• localedef::Define locale environment
• logname::Return the user’s login name
• m4::Macro processor
• mailx::Process messages
• man::Display system documentation
• mesg::Permit or deny messages
• newgrp::Change to a new group
• od::Dump files in various formats
• pax::Portable archive interchange
• readlink -
• split::Split files into pieces
• stty::Set the options for a terminal
• tabs::Set terminal tabs
• talk::Talk to another user
• tput::Change terminal characteristics
• tty::Return user’s terminal name
• type::Displays how a name would be interpreted if used as a command
• ulimit::Set or report file size limit
• umask::Get or set the file mode creation mask
• unalias::Remove alias definitions
• uname::Return system name
• uncompress::Expand compressed data
• write::Write to another user’s terminal

Filesystem

• basename::Return non-directory portion of a pathname; see also dirname

• cat::Concatenate and print files

• cd::Change the working directory

• chgrp::Change the file group ownership

• chmod::Change the file modes/attributes/permissions

• chown::Change the file ownership

• cksum::Write file checksums and sizes

• cmp::Compare two files; see also diff

• compress::Compress data

• cp::Copy files

• dd::Convert and copy a file

• df::Report free disk space

• dirname::Return the directory portion of a pathname; see also basename

• du::Estimate file space usage

• file::Determine file type

• find::Find files

• link::Create a hard link to a file

• ln::Link files

• ls::List directory contents

• mkdir::Make directories

• mkfifo::Make FIFO special files

• mv::Move or rename files

• pathchk::Check pathnames

• pwd::Print working directory

• rm::Remove directory entries

• rmdir::Remove directories, if they are empty.

• touch::Change file access and modification times

• unlink::Call the unlink function

• fdisk::Partition table manipulator for Linux

• timedatectl::Control the system time and date, can be used to enable NTP (timedatectl set-ntp true)

Batch utilities

• qalter::Alter batch job
• qdel::Delete batch jobs
• qhold::Hold batch jobs
• qmove::Move batch jobs
• qmsg::Send message to batch jobs
• qrerun::Rerun batch jobs
• qrls::Release batch jobs
• qselect::Select batch jobs
• qsig::Signal batch jobs
• qstat::Show status of batch jobs
• qsub::Submit a script

Man Pages

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